When one is confronted with acute pain, trying to avoid subsequent exposure to the presumed nociceptive stimulus is an adaptive strategy potentially preventing (further) injury. The fear-avoidance model describes how chronic pain may develop after an acute pain episode. If an individual appraises the pain experience as threatening, defensive behaviours might spiral into a vicious and self-perpetuating cycle that promotes avoidance behavior, leading to disability, negative affect and pain.28,29 However, in chronic pain where there is often no objectifiable injury, avoidance becomes maladaptive, and disconnected from its initial function.
from The Journal of Pain https://ift.tt/2LEdjoV
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