Morphine is a potent opioid analgesic used to alleviate moderate or severe pain. The repeated administration of morphine for long periods of time is, however, limited by its propensity to cause tolerance, which reduces antinociceptive efficacy, and by physical dependence, which leads to withdrawal symptoms on discontinuation of the drug.[25] The clinical effectiveness of morphine in pain management is seriously restricted by the development of tolerance and dependence and new strategies are needed for better treatment of pain.
from The Journal of Pain https://ift.tt/2rf5rzo
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